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New Defender's Study Bible Notes
50:2 Babylon is taken. Finally, great Babylon itself comes under God’s prophetic condemnation in two long chapters, Jeremiah 50 and 51. Although God used Babylon to punish Israel and her sister nations, Babylon was more corrupt than any of them, and so must finally come under God’s most severe judgment of all.
50:2 Bel. Bel, The sun-god, chief of the Babylonian pantheon, is essentially a cognate for Baal, god of the Canaanites.
50:2 Merodach. Merodach, another name for Bel or Marduk, was a primary god of the Babylonians. It seems at least possible that Merodach is a deified form of Nimrod, the great and wicked founder of Babel.
50:9 assembly of great nations. This prophecy was fulfilled when the Median empire, comprising most of the former nations north of Babylonia (Jeremiah 51:11), combined with the growing power of Persia, united to invade and conquer Babylon (Daniel 5:28-31).
50:39 no more inhabited for ever. Although Babylon eventually fell largely into ruins, it continued to be partially inhabited. In recent years, it has been restored by Iraq and is actually an active town again. Thus this prophecy will not be completely fulfilled until the last days (Revelation 18:21).
50:40 As God overthrew Sodom. Although many writers have understood these prophecies to have been fulfilled when Babylon disintegrated around A.D. 500, the fact is that Babylon has never been destroyed “as God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah.” This will be accomplished only after Babylon is rebuilt in the last days and then suddenly destroyed by God (Revelation 18:10,19).