Mainstream cosmology holds that the orderliness found throughout the universe came from chaotic beginnings. In this scenario, matter and energy were flung outward and then gradually coalesced into structured celestial and terrestrial systems.

Every known system degenerates. Metal rusts, food rots, and flowers wither. Even something as large as the universe will eventually run down. How much usable and still-ordered energy remains in the universe?

Aided by a supercomputer, an international team of theoretical physicists has recently performed a massive computation that confirmed Einstein’s famous formula E=mc², which states that matter and energy interconvert. Their research appears in the November 21, 2008, edition of the journal Science.

What is the origin of the magnetic fields we observe in the universe? Dr. D. Russell Humphreys, research physicist at ICR, has developed an explanation for the magnetic fields of earth, other planets in the solar system, stars, galaxies, and even the cosmos itself. On the basis of Scriptures that imply that the original created material of earth was water, Dr.