The Design and Complexity of the Cell

 

The majority of scientifically trained biologists and geneticists are taught that the apparent design that is observed in cells is the result of only random chemical and energy processes operating over eons of time. However, multiple thousands of scientists accept the Bible’s message that there is a Creator who planned the creation, designed the intricate engineering efficiencies into that creation, and then built the product: our planet and its wonderfully unique life and functions.

In The Design and Complexity of the Cell, Dr. Jeffrey Tomkins and his contributing colleagues document and help explain the intricate processes of cells, and give keen insight for “clearly seeing” the obvious hand of the Creator in the “things that are made” (Romans 1:20).


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Table of Contents Page
   
Contributors   7
Foreword   9
Introduction   10
Chapter 1 Dogma and Science Surrounding Cell Origins 13
    Abiogenesis 13
    The Evolutionary Problem of the Cell 17
    Have Scientists Created Artificial Life? 18
    Summary 19
    Application: Have Scientists Created a Synthetic Cell? 20
Chapter 2 A Basic Description of Cells and Cell Types 23
    A Basic Definition of Cells 23
    Two Basic Cell Types in Biology 25
    Prokaryotic Cell Characteristics 27
    Development of a Model System for Cell Biology 30
    E. coli: The Prokaryotic Model for Evolution 30
    The Role of Cells in Biological Creation 31
    Summary 33
    Application: Life’s Indispensable Microscopic Machines 34
Chapter 3 Eukaryotic Cells and Multicellularity 37
    The Highly Engineered Eukaryotic Nucleus and Mitochondria 38
    Mitochondria: The Evolutionary Model of Symbiosis Is Unsupported 40
    Plant Cell Chloroplasts 41
    Additional Eukaryotic Cell Characteristics 42
    Summary 45
    Application: Life-Giving Blood 46
Chapter 4 Genes and Proteins 49
    DNA: The Cell’s Genetic Blueprint 49
    Making a Protein 50
    A Masterpiece of Design and Purpose 53
    Summary 54
    Application: Where Did Flesh-Eating Bacteria Come From? 55
Chapter 5 Cell Division and DNA Replication: How Life Is Engineered to Perpetuate 57
    Cell Division: The Basic Biological Process Required for Life 57
    Mitosis 59
    Meiosis 60
    Summary 64
    Application: Brain’s Complexity “Is Beyond Anything Imagined” 65
Chapter 6 Cell Signaling: The Miracle of the Biological Network 67
    Cell Surface Receptors 67
    Neurons 69
    Summary 71
    Application: Human Reproduction 72
Chapter 7 The Cytoskeleton and the Extracellular Matrix: How Biology Achieves Shape, Form, and Movement 75
    Actin Filaments and Microtubules 75
    Junctions between Cells 77
    The Extracellular Matrix 79
    Summary 80
    Application: The Mysteries of Stunning Soft Tissue Fossil Finds 81
Chapter 8 Cells in Creation, Sin, and Redemption 83
    Plants 83
    Photosynthesis and Respiration 84
    Water, Air, and Land Creatures 85
    Consequences of the Curse 86
    Summary 87
    Application: Immune Systems, the Body’s Security Force 88
Chapter 9 The Biology of Stem Cells 91
    The Biology of Adult Stem Cells 91
    Cellular Mechanisms of Self-Renewal and Differentiation 93
    Molecular Mechanisms of Self-Renewal and Differentiation 94
    The Biology of Embryonic Stem Cells 95
    How Embryonic Stem Cells Work: Mechanisms of ESC Self-Renewal and Differentiation 95
    The Origins of Human Cellular Diversity: The Fact of Creation and the Insufficiency of Evolution 96
    Summary 97
    Application: Darwinian Medicine: A Prescription for Failure 98
Chapter 10 Processes and Implications of Stem Cell Research 101
    Reprogramming and Cloning 103
    Stem Cells and Medicine: Cell Therapy 105
    Stem Cell Ethics 106
    Conclusion 109
    Summary 110
    Application: Cells: Sophisticated and God-Designed 111
Appendix 1 Biology and the Bible 113
Appendix 2 The Development of Pharmaceutical Therapeutics 117
    Therapeutic Intervention 117
    Pharmaceutical Drug Discovery and Development 118
    Pharmacological Inhibition 123
    Conclusion 124
Glossary   125
Credits   128
Index   129


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