by Tom Hennigan, Randy Guliuzza, P.E., M.D., Matthew E. Ingle, Ph.D., and Grace Lansdell

In Proceedings of the International Conference on Creationism. 9: 228-241, article 14.

Abstract

As biologists explore the astonishing complexities of organisms, it has caused them to rethink their biological understanding, especially with organism relationships. Symbiotic relationships, including mutualists, commensals, and parasites, are long term associations between two or more autonomous creatures. They are crucial for biospheric functioning, health, and biogeochemical processes. Evolutionary models explain how and why symbionts interact and include game theory, biological markets, and/or competition- predator/prey interpretations. While these models give important insights, they depend on naturalistic assumptions of random unguided processes and system self-organization. We propose a model of symbiotic relationships focused on guided interface design. The interface is the boundary, on every autonomous organism, where intimate alliances allow for complex communication and product exchange. Elements of the interface are authentication, protocols, and common media and removal or corruption of one or more elements cause an interface system to collapse or malfunction. This may explain how some commensal and parasitic symbioses have developed since the Fall and how long-term relationships can transition from mutualistic to commensal to parasitic as they respond to changing environmental or symbiont conditions in a fallen world. Here we apply our interface model to globally important mutualists (endomycorrhiza and nitrogen fixation) and parasites (malaria and schistosomiasis). We do not address commensalism because more research is needed in this area. Data suggest that a design interface model accounts for all evolutionary interpretations and adds robust detail describing complexities required for autonomous organisms to form intimate relationships. Creation research gives our God ultimate glory and is worthwhile because his invisible attributes including design, omniscience, and relationship are clearly seen, for He desires to be known from what He has made.

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