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But unto Cain and to his offering he had not respect. And Cain was very wroth, and his countenance fell.
And the LORD said unto Cain, Why art thou wroth? and why is thy countenance fallen?
If thou doest well, shalt thou not be accepted? and if thou doest not well, sin lieth at the door. And unto thee shall be his desire, and thou shalt rule over him.

New Defender's Study Bible Notes

4:5 his countenance fell. Cain’s anger reflects pride in his own works which, because of that very fact, God regarded as “evil” (I John 3:12).


4:6 Why art thou wroth. God’s questions reminded Cain that he knew the type of sacrifice required and had no reason to be surprised when God would not accept another.


4:7 rule over him. Note the similar terminology to that of Genesis 3:16b. Just as Eve’s desire would be toward Adam and he would lead her, so would an unrepentant Cain become so committed to rebellion that “Sin” (personified as a crouching animal) would become Cain’s obedient servant.


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