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New Defender's Study Bible Notes
31:31 new covenant. This “new covenant” (same as “New Testament”) applies to all twelve tribes (Israel plus Judah) as God’s elect nation. In addition, the Lord Jesus Christ established it by “my blood of the new testament, which is shed for many for the remission of sins” (Matthew 26:28), as efficacious for Gentiles as well as the children of Israel. “The bread that I will give is my flesh, which I will give for the life of the world….Whoso eateth my flesh, and drinketh my blood, hath eternal life.…the flesh profiteth nothing: the words that I speak unto you, they are spirit, and they are life” (John 6:51,54,63). The new covenant is elaborated in detail in Hebrews 8–12, referring back especially to Jeremiah 31:31-40. Finally, it is called the “everlasting covenant” in Hebrews 13:20.