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New Defender's Study Bible Notes
11:44 out of the east. Apparently, the “king of the east” and the “king of the north” represent the latter-day developments in the regions that once were the eastern and northern divisions of the empire of Alexander the Great. Thus, the “king of the north” would probably involve at this future date Turkey and the other northern remnants of Gog’s confederacy, as well as Syria and Iraq. The “kings of the east” probably includes Iran, as well as India, China and Japan (note also Revelation 16:12). The “west” is not mentioned in these verses because probably the western nations are where the fierce king has first had his base of power and operations.