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New Defender's Study Bible Notes
12:2 all his days. Joash, or Jehoash, turned out to be a good king, for a while. However, this lasted only as long as Jehoiada, his mentor and adviser lived. See note on II Chronicles 24:15. Even during his years of honoring the Lord, he failed to ban the practice of pagan religions in the land (II Kings 12:3).
12:5 repair the breaches. King Joash, seeing the disrepair of the temple and realizing that the priests had not fulfilled their responsibility of keeping it up, specified that a certain amount of the offerings of the people should be designated for that purpose. This was not carried out by the priests, however, so he and Jehoiada decided to receive the offerings directly, through a special chest by the altar of sacrifice (II Kings 12:10). This worked (II Kings 12:12-13). The people evidently had come to distrust the integrity of the priests and were withholding their money. They were very generous, however, when they knew their designated gifts were being used properly—a salutary example for modern churches and Christian ministries to follow.
12:17 Hazael. The cruel Syrian king Hazael, as well as his predecessor Ben-Hadad, are both mentioned by name in several archaeological inscriptions, mostly of Assyrian origin, and all of them consistent with the Biblical references to these men.
12:20 and slew Joash. The troubles that beset Joash after the death of Jehoiada, as outlined in II Kings 12:17-21, were the result of his apostasy once Jehoiada was dead. See the more detailed record in II Chronicles 24:15-27.